Pearl Harbor Essay -- essays research papers fc

Attack on Pearl Harbor! Did we know?  Pg #1 Did we know about the attack the occurred in Pearl harbor? Was there any sign or possible way of changing what happened? Did someone or a group of people that could were have been more careful mess up? Or was there some one that knew about the attack or had an idea that it was coming but didn’t say anything? An why did the Japanese choose Pearl Harbor of all place to strike an attack, was their a significance? These are all question you might ask your self in confusion about the attack on Pearl Harbor. In the following I will show you why and how some of these things came about. It was 1941, on a calm, tranquil day in December, until a impulsive, unexpected Japanese air attack on Hawaii brought the united states in to the war. The US pacific fleet which was docked at pearl harbor at the time, unfortunately they were unprepared. That Sunday early around 7:56 am, approximately two weeks after Washington’s warning on the attack. â€Å"Which was a warning received by Washington from the is navy base at pearl harbor.†(#1) Within two hour of the attack, eighteen ships had been sunk or heavily damaged. One hundred and sixty four aircrafts had been destroyed and another one hundred and twenty four damaged, also more than two thousand, four hundred service men had been killed and almost one thousand two hundred wounded. The Japanese crippled the united states fleet in only a loss of twenty nine planes. The Japanese moved in a quick swift pace as they quickly destroyed all of Pearl Harbor. For the US luckily before the attack on Pearl Harbor most of our aircraft carriers and some destroyers left the harbor. One of the advantages besides knowing about the (Quote (# 1) Encyclopedia of World War II pg 9 Grolier education group) attack the Japanese were willing to kill themselves as long as they caused the most damage possible to our fleet. The Japanese had about eight battleships, two carriers, ten heavy and six light cruisers. Our fighter planes were mostly all parked in rows at the army air forces in wheeler field. â€Å"This arrangement made it easy to guard against mischief, it also made them prey for aerial attacks.† #2 The following were the times that the attacks occurred: â€Å"7:55 am dive ... ...d we know about this attack? Could we have at least put a little more effort into ever having this action to occur? If so then why did FDR decide to not make a move? We will maybe never know now, but from the information that I have given and form the books that I have read you can definitely make a good argument about what you think the truth really is. And from all of this written only history can really make that judgment! We will always remember it "As a day in which we live in infamy." Jon Pita’s Bibliography Pearl Harbor Book #1 The encyclopedia of World War II Groiler Education Corporation Sherman Turnpike, Connecticut Pg 8- 27 Book#2 Eyewitness to Infamy An oral history of pearl harbor December 7, 1941 Paul Joseph Travers, 1991 Madison Books New York Book #3 Day of infamy Walter Lord Holt, Rinehard and Winston New York, 1957 Internet source #1 www.google.com/FDR/PearlHarbor Did the US know about the attack on Peal Harbor? Written by Blaine Taylor, 1991 Pearl Harbor Essay -- essays research papers fc Attack on Pearl Harbor! Did we know?  Pg #1 Did we know about the attack the occurred in Pearl harbor? Was there any sign or possible way of changing what happened? Did someone or a group of people that could were have been more careful mess up? Or was there some one that knew about the attack or had an idea that it was coming but didn’t say anything? An why did the Japanese choose Pearl Harbor of all place to strike an attack, was their a significance? These are all question you might ask your self in confusion about the attack on Pearl Harbor. In the following I will show you why and how some of these things came about. It was 1941, on a calm, tranquil day in December, until a impulsive, unexpected Japanese air attack on Hawaii brought the united states in to the war. The US pacific fleet which was docked at pearl harbor at the time, unfortunately they were unprepared. That Sunday early around 7:56 am, approximately two weeks after Washington’s warning on the attack. â€Å"Which was a warning received by Washington from the is navy base at pearl harbor.†(#1) Within two hour of the attack, eighteen ships had been sunk or heavily damaged. One hundred and sixty four aircrafts had been destroyed and another one hundred and twenty four damaged, also more than two thousand, four hundred service men had been killed and almost one thousand two hundred wounded. The Japanese crippled the united states fleet in only a loss of twenty nine planes. The Japanese moved in a quick swift pace as they quickly destroyed all of Pearl Harbor. For the US luckily before the attack on Pearl Harbor most of our aircraft carriers and some destroyers left the harbor. One of the advantages besides knowing about the (Quote (# 1) Encyclopedia of World War II pg 9 Grolier education group) attack the Japanese were willing to kill themselves as long as they caused the most damage possible to our fleet. The Japanese had about eight battleships, two carriers, ten heavy and six light cruisers. Our fighter planes were mostly all parked in rows at the army air forces in wheeler field. â€Å"This arrangement made it easy to guard against mischief, it also made them prey for aerial attacks.† #2 The following were the times that the attacks occurred: â€Å"7:55 am dive ... ...d we know about this attack? Could we have at least put a little more effort into ever having this action to occur? If so then why did FDR decide to not make a move? We will maybe never know now, but from the information that I have given and form the books that I have read you can definitely make a good argument about what you think the truth really is. And from all of this written only history can really make that judgment! We will always remember it "As a day in which we live in infamy." Jon Pita’s Bibliography Pearl Harbor Book #1 The encyclopedia of World War II Groiler Education Corporation Sherman Turnpike, Connecticut Pg 8- 27 Book#2 Eyewitness to Infamy An oral history of pearl harbor December 7, 1941 Paul Joseph Travers, 1991 Madison Books New York Book #3 Day of infamy Walter Lord Holt, Rinehard and Winston New York, 1957 Internet source #1 www.google.com/FDR/PearlHarbor Did the US know about the attack on Peal Harbor? Written by Blaine Taylor, 1991

George Washington Farewell Speech

Early in 1796 President George Washington decided that he didn’t want to run for a third term as the United States President. President George Washington started drafting his â€Å"Farewell Address â€Å". The Address was drafted multiple times in part due to Alexander Hamilton’s suggestions. This address was hand written in crafted into a 32 page speech that warned Americans on issues such avoiding excessive political party spirit and geographical distinctions. In foreign affairs, he warned against long-term alliances with other nations. President George Washington’s Farewell address was printed in Philadelphia Pennsylvania In September of 1796. The Final manuscript of this speech can be found at New York Public Library. I will be summarizing the major points of George Washington’s Farewell address to the American people. First, George Washington opened his Farewell Speech by expressing his gratitude to the Country by sticking by his side when America was in a crisis. Washington urged all Americans to stay focused and not to allow any entity to break the Sprit and power of America. He made a convincing argument to Americans to be patriotic and loyal to their country. Washington also encouraged Americans to stick with the foundations of the Constitution of America and not to be so quick to ratify the constitution; he urged to give the standing laws of the constitution a chance. In Addition to being loyal and patriotic, Washington also encouraged Americans not to have political parties. Washington argued that if there was an existence of political parties, there would be a power struggle between the two parties. Washington more specifically urged the country not to have regional political parties because it would cause extreme problems just 2 s it had during the American Revolutionary War. Washington explained that political parties should be avoided at all cost. Washington also talked about America investing in a good educational system. He justified this idea by saying in order for America to have an intellectual government its people need to be well educated. Also, Washington urged America to avoid permanent Rivals or Alliances illustrating that if America did have permanent Rivals or alliances nothing good would come out of it. Washington told Americans to keep peace, that was the best way for a newly country to thrive. He stated that permanent Alliances would only cause issues with the country you’re in alliance with because you would have to give up things you don’t want to give up, there would be a possibility of divided loyalty between your own citizens, and jealousy was another issue that could possibly arise. Although Washington opposed of permanent Rivals or Alliances he was in favor of alliances when fighting a defensive war, alliances are okay in emergencies he stated. Another point that Washington made in his Farewell speech was that morals and religion both play a major role in politics, law, and government. He stated that without religion it would be hard to trust anyone who swears under an oath of the law. Washington also made the point that a good politician in a position such as leadership should possess good morals and a religious foundation. Washington began to close the speech with saying that he did his absolute best in leading the country in his two terms that he served. He stated that the whole purpose of his farewell address was to leave a record behind that the country could refer to in the future if these issues arise. President George Washington served two terms of presidency and declined the third term offer. Washington was just and fair when it came to his position in power and he never displayed an attitude of being boastful or superior. He displayed all the qualities of a good commander and chief. His Farewell speech was the exit of his presidency. This speech was amazing because George Washington pointed out a lot of issues that America should avoid in order to survive as a new nation. Many of the issues that he addressed turned into reality. In the past two hundred years America has experienced many if not all of these issues that Washington talked about during his speech. Washington was well respected by his peers as well as the American people. He left an incredible legacy behind his name George Washington. I enjoy reading your discussion board essay question. Christian you made some very valid points in your essay that I will like to point out. First, you stated that there is not a clear cut separation of church in state in the United States constitution. I agree with you there is not an underlining separation between the two (church and state). As you read the language of the constitution you notice that there are religious foundations at the root of this document. It is evident that Religion was very important to the founding fathers because they included religious principles in all of the country’s important documents. In George Washington’s Farewell speech he stated that morals and religion both play a major role in politics, law, and government. He stated that without religion it would be hard to trust anyone who swears under an oath of the law. Washington also made the point that a good politician in a position such as leadership should possess good morals and a religious foundation. Washington began to close the speech with saying that he did his absolute best in leading the country in his two terms that he served. He stated that the whole purpose of his farewell address was to leave a record behind that the country could refer to in the future if these issues arise. In your essay you could have addressed the current relationship between church and state in politics. Overall this was a well written essay, you did an excellent job.

Luther Burbank

Luther Burbank 7 March 1849 – 11 April 1926 Mercedes Moshier 3rd Hour Luther Burbank a man said to be the Edison of the garden. Born on March 7, 1849 in the small town of Lancaster, Massachusetts. Burbank grew up on a farm, always treating the plants just like humans. The garden his mother built was a haven for Luther, spending all his time there Burbank had little friends and usually kept to himself, even though he was the 13th child of 15 brothers and sisters. Luther received only a elementary education before he dropped out at age 15.He also visited the vocational college Atlantic Union during the wintertime for four years. Almost all of his knowledge came from the science books at his local library that he hovered over for hours on end. The book The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication by Charles Darwin sparked his curiosity and pushed him to learn more about evolution and botany. At the ripe age of 21 his father died leaving him a little inheritance. With t his money Luther bought a 17 acre of land near Lunenburg, Massachusetts. In 1870 Burbank picked up the lifestyle of market gardening.Where people were very competitive so he had to learn the secrets of the garden. The use of cold frames, hotbeds, fertilizers and the professionalism lead Burbank to making his first ‘creation’ the Burbank Potato. Which is now called the Russet Burbank Potato because of its color, and is known and used world wide and highly popular. Scrabbling for money after his discovery, Burbank sold the rights the the Russet Burbank Potato for 150$ in 1872 to a man named Gregory J. Using his well earned money, Burbank moved to Santa Rosa, California, where three of his brother were living at the time.In Santa Rosa Burbank purchased a 4 acre plot of land, where he built a nursery, greenhouse and a experimental fields. With these fields he tested crossbreeding many types of plants and trees. He soon named this plot of land the Luther Burbank Home and Gar dens, which is now a National Historic Landmark as of 1964. Not only did he become famous for his Burbank Potato, but Burbank also came up with thousands of other crossbreeds and plants and discoveries! Some of his most famous would be the Shasta daisy which he cross breeded with four different daisies.The Oxeye daisy, English field daisy, Portuguese field daisy and the most important one was the Japanese field daisy. The result was a bright white petite flower instead of the wild tall dull white flower. Creating 117 new varieties of prunes and plums which most are used in juices we drink everyday. Also making 169 new types of nuts and berries , Luther Burbank earned himself the key to California. For he also increased quality and growing rate and wealth of crops, added defenses to environmental pressures to 46 trees and plants, which helped them withstand extreme temperatures, drought and other things.Luther also helped create plants and concoctions that were resistant to viruses, fungi and bacterias. His added defense also helped with insects that would normally destroy the plant, and the tolerance to herbicides helped with production and distributing for it was almost always perfect. With a garden filled with all the colors of the rainbow, all of which Burbank had discovered and/or cross pollinated himself, Luther needed more space. So with the grants he received from the Carnegie Institution, which was a grant for 10,000 a year for a span of ten years.In 1885 Luther bought an 18 acre plot of land in Sebastopol, CA, which he named Luther Burbank’s Gold Ridge Experimental Farms. Which was the main place that was promoted in Luther’s newly issued catalog â€Å"New Creations† which was released in 1893. Which newspapers said that this, at that time, was what made Luther Burbank famous. This catalog included many type of seeds, trees, flowers, fruits and vegetables that Luther was willing to sell and make profit from. A lot of the thing wer e highly expensive, but he claimed ‘Perfection and its riches was not cheap. Shortly after the catalog was released, Burbank was now making a recurring profit for all of hard work he has been doing. Claiming that he has just made the best of all Japan plums, the ‘Perfection Plum’ he named it. Burbank sold it for 2,500, and people wanted a bite of this perfect fruit. Although Burbank was highly known for his creation of the Shasta daisy, he also made many other flowers and seedlings. Also known for his blue Shirley poppy, Fire poppy, the fragrant Calla and the state flower of California.Since Luther lived in the vast land of California, there were many cattle there, and also droughts and bone-dry deserts. Plus there were so many types of cacti, most of them had edible juices, but the spikes were always a problem. And some farmers and cattle and cow raisers didn’t have the tools or wits to be able to cut into a spiky cactus without stabbing themselves. Luther , being the wizard he was claimed to be, came up with the spineless cactus. Making it billions of times easier for animals and people to eat and drink cactus without hurting themselves in the process.Some of his other achievements would have to be his involvement in many honorary clubs of leading scientific societies all over the world. Including one of the invitation only American Association for the Advancement of Science and of the Royal Horticultural Society. Which Burbank took great pride in, for many people took interest in his work and congratulated him. He also shared his work with other scientists and people of that nature. Such as Thomas Edison and Henry Ford. He also was the heroine of the song, ‘All Hail to Luther Burbank’ which is quoted in all of his schools, communities, businesses, and corporations.Luther Burbank’s name has been used for titles in 36 plants, schools, buildings, towns, streets, banks and corporations. Including the school he had at tended as a child in Lancaster, Mass. With all these dedications before and after his death, people started this ‘Fanclub’ called The Burbankens. California even got on the bandwagon of the Burbankens, and had parades dedicated and representing Luther Burbank. There are still Burbankens to this day that try to do what Luther did, learned and experimented for over 50 years.Two weeks after Luther’s 77th birthday, he suffered a severe heart attack from gastrointestinal complications and was immediately transmitted to a hospital. On April 10, 1926. Around 6:00 pm, Burbank slipped into a coma. 15 minutes after midnight, Luther’s heart stopped. Luther Burbank died on April 11, 1926. Cites: The Garden of Invention by Jane S. Smith ffrf. org/legacy/fttoday/back/burbank. php bookrags. com/biography/luther-burbank/ A Gardener Touched with Genius, the Life of Luther Burbank by Peter Dreyer people. famouswhy. com/luther-burbank/

Race and Ethnicity Essay

?â€Å"ASSESS THE IMPORTANCE OF SCHOOL FACTORS SUCH AS RACISM AND PUPILS RESPONSES TO RACISM IN CREATING ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT†. (20 MARKS) Ethnic differences concerning education achievement arise from numerous factors these including internal and external school factors such as racism, pupil responses, material and cultural deprivation which is faced by some ethnic groups and are the main reasons to explain why certain ethnic groups perform the way in which they do. Within this essay I will look at the previously stated factors and assess the importance of them and how much they actually impact on the educational achievement of these ethnic groups. Labelling and teacher racism is a factor of racism which creates an impact in educational achievement amongst ethnic groups for example teachers label Black and Asian pupils as being far from the ‘ideal’ pupil, as Black pupils are seen to be disruptive and Asian pupils as passive. These negative labels may lead to teachers treating ethnic minority pupils differently, Therefore disadvantages them and resulting to their failure. Gillborn and Youdell found teachers were quicker to discipline black pupils than others for the same before, this is due to teachers ‘racialised expectations’, found teachers expected black pupils to present more discipline problems and misinterpreted their behaviour as threatening or challenging to authority. They also found that African Caribbean’s as the best starters but became worst during their GCSEs found that attaching negative labels to different ethnic groups had negative effects, this link in with the self-fulfilling prophecy for those who conform to this role and those who reject it and are in turn successful. Pupil responses to racism also determine educational success this supported by Heidi Safia Mirza who studied ambitious black girls who faced teacher racism. Girls in Mirza’s study failed to achieve their ambitions because their coping strategies restricted their opportunities and resulted in under-achievement. Mirza found that racist teachers discouraged black pupils from being ambitious through the kind of advice they gave them about careers and option choices. In contrast to the Mirza’s study, the Fuller and Mac an Ghaill came to the conclusions through their study, that pupils may succeed even when they refuse to conform and that negative labelling does not always lead to failure as the girls from the study were able to reject the labels placed on them and they remained determined to succeed. This suggests that educational achievement is reliant on the pupils response to racism and how it is dealt this either by acceptance and conforming a anti school culture hence creating a self-fulfilling prophecy or by working against the label and achieving to a high standard without attracting the negative aspects of the schooling environment. Other factors such as material and cultural deprivation have been seen to make create ethnic differences in educational achievement. The material deprivation aspect can be explained through statistics showing children entitled to free school meals, by ethnic group. The highest ranking ethnic groups are Bangladeshis and Pakistanis entitled to free school meals, these inequalities parallel those seen in educational achievement. For example Indians and whites generally have a higher social class position than Bangladeshis and Pakistanis, who often face high levels of poverty. The material deprivation explanation argues that such class differences explain why Bangladeshi and Pakistani pupils tend to do worse than Indian and white pupils. Cultural deprivation is also said to cause differences within achievement as intellectual and linguistic skills, attitudes and values and family structure all play key role in determining educational success. Intellectual and linguistic skills are valued to be the most important as without this essential tool children are most likely to under-achieve as they unequipped for the school as they have not been able to develop reasoning and problem-solving skills. Bereiter and Engelmann consider language spoken by low-income black American families as inadequate for educational success. See it as ungrammatical, disjointed and incapable of expressing abstract ideas. There has also been concern that children who do not speak English at home may be held back educationally. Nevertheless, the Swann report found that language was not a major factor in under-achievement, while Gillborn and Mirza note that Indian pupil do very well despite often not having English as their home language. Attitudes and values perceived by black children are seen as unsatisfactory by many cultural deprivation theorists as their lack of motivation is the major cause of their failure as they are socialised into subculture which does not value education and has fatalistic attitude. Most other children are socialised into the mainstream ideology which instils ambition, competiveness and willingness to make the sacrifices for long term goals essentially equips them for success in education. Family structure and parental support, Ken Pryce sees family structure as contributing to the under-achievement of black Caribbean pupils in Britain. From a comparison of black and Asian pupils, he claims that Asians are higher achievers because their culture is more resistant to racism and gives them a greater sense of self-worth. By contrast, he argues, black Caribbean culture is less cohesive and less resistant to racism. As a result, many black pupils have low self-esteem and under-achieve. Argues difference is the result of differing impact of colonialism on the two groups. Experience of slavery was culturally devastating for blacks they lost their language, religion and entire family system. Asian family structure remains intact as, languages and religions were not destroyed by colonial rule. Sociologists argue racism in wider society is a factor which restricts educational achievement of certain ethnic groups this is supported by David Mason who puts it, ‘discrimination is a continuing and persistent feature of the experience of Britain’s citizens of minority ethnic origin’. It is also argued by sociologist John Rex who shows how racial discrimination leads to social exclusion and how this in turn worsens the poverty faced by ethnic minorities in housing for instance. There are links to employment also as on a basis of last names determine ethnicity and from that some are biased towards e. g. when being chosen for a job and the last names ‘Patel’ and ‘Evans’ have the same set of qualifications, the company would be interested in recruiting ‘Evans’ the white candidate more than ‘Patel’ who is from an Indian background. This explains why member of ethnic minorities are more likely to face unemployment and low pay, and this in turn has a negative effect on their children’s educational prospects. The concluded judgement suggests that the ethnic differences which arise within educational achievement are down to a mixture of material and cultural deprivation as these are most influential in determining educational success and addressing ethnic differences. Some pupil responses to racism and racism also have the ability to suggest why ethnic differences arise overall but are mostly dependent on the individual and how he/she perceives the educations system e. g. either negatively or positively due to experience or upbringing. This would then initially give an insight onto how well the pupil would perform. Criticism which occur are of internationalist who argue that you cannot generalise a whole ethnic group as all the different experiences, therefore any suggestions made about the whole ethnic groups education achievements may or may not reflect a true image.

Religious freedom in prison Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Religious freedom in prison - Research Paper Example However, the court rulings set limitations to the right of worship when a prisoner’s demand of worship endangers prison safety and function. Almost all correction facilities offer these structures mainly for religious faiths such as Christianity, Islam and Judaism. Chaplains and volunteers provide pastoral care to prisoners and wardens (Livingstone 313). Allowing inmates freedom of worship has both positive and negative implications. However, prisoners’ right of worship should be granted because it benefits them and it is their constitutional right. Inmates should be allowed to worship within established structures provided by prison programs and religious organizations. The disadvantage of freedom of worship according to the government is it may endanger prisoners’ the lives. The law limits freedom of worship if it interferes with safety of the prisoners/wardens and prison operations. When this happens, the government can deny the right of worship for the greater good of all citizens. However, the government uses this clause to abuse prisoners’ rights (Livingstone 310). For example, a case where a Muslim prisoner wanted to retain his long beard for religious purposes was upheld by the Supreme Court. Gregory Holt, the prisoner, had requested the prison to allow him grow a half-inch beard as a religious practice. The prison officials denied the request claiming security reasons of inmates smuggling contrabands in beards. Judge Samuel Alito said since prisoners were allowed to grow long hair on their heads, the prison systems should allow religious beards like Gregory’s. In this case, the prison authorities denied the prisoner his right without good reasons. Prison authority may restrain the right of worship for security reasons but should have concrete reasons or concerns for the restriction. Many advantages exist of allowing prisoners to

MNEs only tend to migrate to greener activity if force by government Essay

MNEs only tend to migrate to greener activity if force by government regulations - Essay Example The rest of the essay will present views from both sides of the debate and argue that ultimately a strong regulatory framework is essential if Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) are to take green standards seriously. In looking to answer the topic question, it is useful to peruse sociological scholarship and policy literature on the subject. Conventionally, analyses of the topic have tended to focus on corporate compliance within existing legislations. Here, it is tacitly assumed that complying with regulations by targeted groups is essential and sufficient for meeting goals of social regulation. (Dahl, 2010, p.248) Another assumption is that business enterprises go out of their way and improve their green standards only when they are faced with steep penalties for failing to do so. In this analytic framework, corporations are seen as ‘amoral calculators’ of risk and reward for themselves; and their primary motive is to maximize profits while minimizing losses in the form of penalties. This used to be the traditional view on corporate compliance. Yet, in recent years a refreshingly new pattern of corporate behaviour has started to emerge, giving government agencies and social activists renewed hope. (Kagan, et. Al., 2003, p.52) â€Å"It is becoming apparent that an increasing number of companies now perform, to a greater or lesser extent, "beyond compliance" with existing regulatory requirements. This suggests that the degree of variation in, and the motivations for, corporate behaviour may be much broader than many researchers have imagined previously. This is of practical importance: some existing regulatory strategies, in focusing on compliance, have failed to facilitate, reward, or encourage beyond-compliance behaviour, or even inadvertently discourage it, while other regulatory reformers, in contrast, have argued that government-mandated self-regulation  is the key to progress.† (Kagan, et. Al., 2003, p.51) Hence, it could be argued, th at MNE’s need not always be pushed by government regulations in order to make their activities clean and green. Scholars such as Samuel Loewenberg, on the other hand, are not quite enthused by the record of major corporations (especially those based in the United States), in upholding green standards. The chemical industry in the United States, which is a major contributor to environmental pollution, has been a culprit in this regard. While the industry got away with its slack quality and safety standards in its home country, it got into controversies upon entry into the European market. The EU, worried that it does not possess health and environmental data on most of the chemical compounds currently in use, is drawing up legislation that â€Å"by 2005 will require the industry to conduct extensive safety tests on 30,000 common chemicals. At least 1,500 are expected to be banned or severely restricted in their use as a result. The industry estimates that the testing alone wi ll cost it more than $7.5 billion.† (Loewenberg, 2003, p.55) MNE’s based in the United States, whose present safety norms are supported by Washington, continues to put pressure on the EU to loosen up its standards. In Washington, MNEs wielding insider connections and an abundance of campaign funds are used to wooing legislators and regulators. (Vernon, 2010, p.B04) But this tactic does not

Economic Development Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Economic Development Proposal - Essay Example The M’Bochi lives in the northwest and majority of the Brazzaville’s skilled workers and civil servants are from this group. In addition to these tribal groups, the country also includes a small Pygmy population with approximately 12,000 Pygmies (Overlanding Africa.com). These tribal groups represent different levels of socio-economic development and constitute an economically, politically, and socially underdeveloped community. They are most vulnerable to various forms of economic exploitation, social stagnation, and political isolation. Hence, it is necessary to integrate these tribal groups with the rest of the community on a footing of equality so as to help them attain progressive advancement. This is an economic development proposal that envisages the overall development of the Congo communities in the long run. Congo: An Overview Before framing the development proposals, it is necessary to analyze various economical, social, political, and cultural aspects of the country in order to get a clear view of the current status of the country. The country possesses a potential mining sector and productive agricultural sector. Researches indicate that the Congo’s untapped deposits of raw minerals are expected to be worth over US$ 24 trillion. Although the Congo was the second largest industrialized country in Africa at the time of its independence, currently it is one of the poorest countries in the world. While analyzing the Congolese Economy, it seems that the country’s fiscal policies are weaker and this troublesome situation is identified to be the most potential challenge to the growth of the country. As per the findings of The Heritage Foundation, the country’s business freedom is 40.8% and trade freedom is 61.0%; hence this regulatory environment makes the cost of launching and running a business high in the Congo. Similarly, the country maintains an ineffective tax system although it sets high tax rates. Congo’s highest income tax rate is 50% while its top corporate tax rate is 36%. In addition, the country has low investment freedom of 20% and it also represents a low privatization rate (â€Å"The Heritage Foundation†). Evidently, corrupted bureaucracy has become the major impediment to productive investments in Congo. According to World Bank, the CIPA fiscal policy rating in Congo was 3.50 in 2008. Hence, the tribal council must specifically take into account the weaker investment status of the country as inefficient operations of the Congolese government hamper foreign investments. The Congolese government does not adopt a favorable approach towards entrepreneurs and is less likely to promote productive ventures. According to reports, â€Å"uncertain legal framework, corruption, inflation, and lack of openness in government economic policy and financial operations† have been threatening the sustainable economic development of the country (Asias and Azizet). Due to uncertain ty about economic outcomes, lack of infrastructure, and absence of government support, many foreign business firms have transplanted their operations from the country. According to the statistics, the literacy rate of the Congo was 67.2% as of 2001 data and the literate people constitute 80.9% males and 54.1% females. Three government ministries control the education system in the country and it is very similar to that of